La mirada genética
el secuenciamiento del genoma del arroz en China
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52712/issn.1850-0013-1055Palabras clave:
secuenciamiento genético, China, genetismoResumen
En el año 2002, la revista Science publicó una secuencia preliminar del genoma del arroz índico, ensamblado con extraordinaria celeridad por el Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI) de China. Este artículo estudia la publicación de esta secuencia en la revista Science como un ejemplo de la práctica de lo que el autor ha denominado seeing in genes: este concepto incluye una variedad de prácticas sociales en las cuales diferentes tipos de actores sociales representan organismos en términos de sus genes, e intervienen en la vida de los organismos a través del uso de información genética. El hecho de que China eligiera a su cultivo de mayor importancia como objeto de una mirada genética surge como consecuencia de las terribles hambrunas sufridas por esta nación en tiempos recientes. La descentralización del sistema científico chino permitió a un grupo de científicos capacitarse en el exterior y fundar el BGI a través de la acumulación de diversas fuentes de financiamiento. La imagen de la ciencia como medio de salvación para el país, y el lugar de prestigio otorgado a la capacidad de avanzar por medios propios, hizo que, a través de la práctica de seeing in genes, se obtuviera la secuencia preliminar publicada en la revista Science. Cuantos más organismos se convierten en objeto de una mirada genética, cuanto más lucrativa se vuelve la manipulación genética y cuanto más se difunde el uso del material genético, más actores se interesan en preservar el concepto de gen y en hacer partícipes a otros del modo genético de mirar el mundo.
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