What Factors Influence the Building of Smart Cities? A Multilevel Model with Data at Urban and National Levels
Keywords:
smart cities, ICTs, multilevel regression modelsAbstract
In recent years, importance has been placed on the concept of “smart cities”. Two visions can be identified: one that centers on the role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), and one that amplifies the ideas linked to sustainable economic growth, quality of life, participative governance and reduction of emissions. This paper compares these visions to analyze the factors that affect the building of smart cities. On the basis of a sample of 181 cities in 81 countries, a multilevel regression model is estimated, with data at urban and national levels. The results obtained show that the model aligns better to the first vision: the financial and educational levels, the location within Latin America and the fact that they are cities in countries that are developed in terms of ICTs are factors that positively affect the cities' smartness. On the other hand, the second model shows that the lower the urban unemployment rate is, the higher the cities’ smartness.Downloads
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