Governança da transição para a eletromobilidade
Análise multinível das tensões sociotécnicas
Palavras-chave:
governança, transições sociotécnicas, tensões, sistemas sociotécnicos, veículo elétricoResumo
O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar a governança da transição do regime sociotécnico de veículos de combustão interna (ICV) movidos a combustíveis fósseis para um baseado em veículos elétricos (VEs). Esta pesquisa assume que as decisões estratégicas dos atores envolvidos na governança sociotécnica geram tensões nos níveis de paisagem e nicho para pressionar o regime ICV. Esta pesquisa qualitativa utilizou análise documental para revisar a literatura sobre transições sociotécnicas e sua governança, bem como a literatura cinzenta. Baseou-se na estrutura analítica da perspectiva multinível dos sistemas sociotécnicos de Geels e Schot (2007) e de Geels (2014) para investigar a governança desta transição com base nas tensões. Constatou-se que as estratégias de poder implantadas pelos atores envolvidos nos níveis de paisagem, nicho e regime geram tensões instrumentais, discursivas, materiais e institucionais no processo de governança da transição sociotécnica para VEs. Os atores do regime respondem com estratégias de resistência e adaptação. Conclui-se que o veículo híbrido é uma inovação transicional que retarda a transição para VEs de emissão zero.
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