Causal Layered Analysis (CLA) as a Tool for Inter and Transdisciplinary Work

Contributions and Challenges of its Application in Montevideo, Uruguay

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52712/issn.1850-0013-385

Keywords:

environmental problems, futures studies, complexity, transdisciplinarity, solid urban waste

Abstract

Complex systems are made up of different structures and components that interact with each other, giving rise to emergent properties and patterns that cannot be understood by studying only their parts in isolation. Interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary processes are an alternative approach for overcoming the fragmented and reductionist way of understanding the world. This article presents the Causal Layered Analysis (CLA) methodology as a strategy for inter and transdisciplinary work. Its contributions and challenges are analyzed from its application to address the problem of urban solid waste in Montevideo, Uruguay, in three different contexts: a workshop in which academics from various disciplines participated, another workshop carried out with territorial actors and a masters’ thesis. These experiences show CLA's versatility and expose the need to implement dialogue facilitation strategies to contemplate more extended action-research processes over time and to imagine new approaches for postgraduate thesis. Based on the CLA experience, its capacity to support teaching and research contexts within the framework of university extension processes is discussed, which could act as a “bridging” strategy between research and action.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Patricia Iribarne, Universidad de la República

Extension Unit of the Faculty of Sciences, University of the Republic (Udelar), Uruguay.

Micaela Trimble, Instituto Sudamericano para Estudios sobre Resiliencia y Sostenibilidad

South American Institute for Studies on Resilience and Sustainability (SARAS), Uruguay.

Marila Lázaro, Universidad de la República

Science and Development Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of the Republic (Udelar), Uruguay.

References

Bishop, B. & Dzidic, P. (2014). Dealing with Wicked Problems: Conducting a Causal Layered Analysis of Complex Social Psychological Issues. American journal of community psychology, (53), 13–24.

Bussey, M. P. (2008). Where next for pedagogy? Critical agency in educational futures [Tesis de doctorado]. Queensland: University of the Sunshine Coast. Recuperado de: https://research.usc.edu.au/esploro/outputs/doctoral/99449695902621.

Camacho, S. (2019). Aproximación a la problemática de los residuos urbanos mediante la cartografía participativa: caso de estudio del barrio Malvín Norte (Montevideo, Uruguay) [Tesis de maestría]. Tarragona: Universitat Rovira i Virgili.

Conway, M. (2012). Using Causal Layered Analysis to Explore the Relationship Between Academics and Administrators in Universities. Journal of Futures Studies, 17(2), 37-58

Funtowicz, S. & Ravetz, J. (1993). Science for the post-normal age. Futures, 25(7), 739-755.

García, P. (2020). Análisis Causal Estratificado Participativo: una metodología para abordar problemáticas ambientales [Tesina de grado]. Montevideo: Udelar.

Gibbons, M., Limoges, C., Nowotny, H., Schwartzman, S., Scott, P. & Trow, M. (1997). La nueva producción del conocimiento. La dinámica de la ciencia y la investigación en las sociedades contemporáneas. Barcelona: Ediciones Pomares, Corredor S.A.

Gidley, J. M. (2012). Futuros de la educación para una sociedad global en rápido cambio. En N. Al-Rodhan et al. (Eds.), Hay futuro. Visiones para un mundo mejor (411-436). Madrid: TF Editores & Interactiva.

Guattari, F. & Deleuze, G. (1994). Rizoma. México: Diálogo Abierto.

Heinonen, S., Minkkinen, M., Karjalainen, J. & Inayatullah, S. (2016). Testing transformative energy scenarios through causal layered analysis gaming. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, (124), 101-113.

Hernández, R., Fernández-Collado, C. & Baptista, P. (2010). Metodología de la investigación. México: McGraw-Hill & Interamericana editores S.A de C.V.

Herrera Farfán, N. & López Guzmán, L. (2014). Ciencia, compromiso y cambio social: Textos de Orlando Fals Borda. Montevideo: Udelar.

Inayatullah, S. (2004). The Causal Layered Analysis (CLA) Reader: Theory and Case Studies of an Integrative and Transformative Methodology. Taipei: Tamkang University Press

Inayatullah, S. (2012). Estudios del futuro: teorías y metodologías. En N. Al-Rodhan et al. (Eds.), Hay futuro. Visiones para un mundo mejor. Madrid: TF Editores e Interactiva.

Inayatullah, S. (2017). Causal Layered Analysis: A Four-Level Approach to Alternative Futures. The Prospective and Strategic Foresight Toolbox is a Futuribles. París: International and CAP Prospective Project.

Inayatullah, S., Mercer, R., Milojevic, I. & Sweeney, J. (2022). CLA 3.0: Thirty Years of Transformative Years. Taipei: Tamkang University Press.

Iribarne, P. (2022). Producción de conocimiento en la integralidad y curricularización de la extensión: aportes desde la Facultad de Ciencias. En V. Parentelli (Coord.), Integralidad revisitada: abordajes múltiples y perspectivas (97-111). Montevideo: Udelar.

Kates, R., Clark, W., Corell, R., Hall, J. M., Jaeger, C. C., Lowe, I., McCarthy, J. J., Schellnhuber, H. J., Bolin, B., Dickson, N. M., Faucheux, S., Gallopin, G.C., Grübler, A., Huntley, B., Jäger, J., Jodha, N. S., Kasperson, R. E., Mabogunje, A., Matson, P., Mooney, H., Moore, B., O'Riordan, T. & Svedlin, U. (2001). Environment and development. Sustainability science. Science, 292(5517), 641-642. DOI: 10.1126/science.1059386.

Kenny, N. (2013). Meta-level Terrorism Futures: Constructing and deconstructing using Causal Layered Analysis [Tesis de doctorado]. Queensland: Queensland University of Technology.

Klein J. T. (1990). Interdisciplinarity: History, Theory, and Practice. Detroit: Wayne State University Press.

Klein J. T. (2004). Prospects for Transdisciplinarity. Futures, 36, 515–526.

Klein, J. T. (2022). Building capacity for transformative learning: lessons from crossdisciplinary and cross‑sector education and research. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 24, 8625–8638. DOI: 10.1007/s10668-021-01802-5.

Lang, D., Wiek, A., Bergman, M., Stauffacher, M., Martens, P., Moll, P., Swilling, M. & Thomas, C. (2012). Transdisciplinary research in sustainability science: practice, principles, and challenges. Sustainability Science, (7), 1, 25-43.

Lázaro, M., Iribarne, P., Adalyiza, P., Rumeau, D. & López-Echagüe, C. (2021a). Análisis participativo del problema de los residuos en Montevideo: aplicación del Análisis Causal Estratificado. Revista Iberoamericana de Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad -CTS, 16(46), 167-197. Recuperado de: http://ojs.revistacts.net/index.php/CTS/article/view/217

Lázaro, M., Iribarne, P., Adalyiza, P., Rumeau, D. & López-Echagüe, C. (2021b). Using CLA to Participatively Explore the Urban Solid Waste Problem in Uruguay. Journal of Futures Studies, 25(3), 15-24.

Lázaro, M., Iribarne, P., Adalyiza, P., Rumeau, D. & López-Echagüe, C. (2022). Using CLA to participatively explore the urban solid waste problem in Uruguay: three years after. En S. Inayatullah, R. Mercer, I. Milojevic & J. Sweeney (Eds), CLA 3.0 Thirty Years of Transformative Years. Taipei: Tamkang University Press.

Masini, E. (2006). Rethinking futures studies. Futures, 38(10), 1158-1168.

Merlinsky, G., Toledo López, V., Schmidt, M., Fernández Bouzo, S., Tobías, M., Langbehn, L., Pereira, P. & Capalbo, T. (2018). Defender lo común: qué podemos aprender de los conflictos ambientales. Buenos Aires: Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani.

Minkkinen, M., Heinonen, S. & Parkkinen, M. (2019). Drilling and Blasting to Learn Scenario Construction: Experimenting with Causal Layered Analysis as a Disruption of Scenario Work. World Futures Review, 11(2), 110–121.

Morin, E. (1990). Introducción al Pensamiento Complejo. París: Editorial Gedisa S.A.

Nicolescu, B. & Ertas, A. (2013). Transdisciplinary theory and practice. USA: TheATLAS.

Olivé, L. 2011. Interdisciplina y transdisciplina desde la filosofía. Ludus Vitalis, 19(35), 251-256.

Patrouilleau, M. (2020). Los estudios del futuro y el Análisis Causal por Capas: Entrevista a Sohail Inayatullah. Utopía y Praxis Latinoamericana, 25(91), 266-274.

Riedy, C. (2008). An Integral extension of causal layered analysis. Futures, 40, 150–159

Rossal, M., Bazzino, R., Castelli, L., Gutiérrez, G. & Zino, C. (2020). La pobreza urbana en Montevideo. Apuntes etnográficos sobre dos barrios populares. Montevideo: Pommaire.

Turnbull, D. & Ipwich, A. (2006). Causal Layered Analysis as Pedagogy in Studies of Science and Technology. Journal of Futures Studies, 10(3), 49.

Trimble, M., Iribarne, P. & Lázaro, M. (2014). Una investigación participativa en la costa uruguaya: características, desafíos y oportunidades para la enseñanza universitaria. Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, 32, 101-117.

Vienni Baptista, B., Goñi Mazzitelli, M. & Ferrigno Came, F. (2020). Transdisciplinary Communication in Research Teams: Institutional Constructs and Practices from a Uruguayan Perspective. En R. Gaetano & S. Misra (Eds.), Communication in Transdisciplinary Teams: Informing Science Press.

Vienni-Baptista, B. (2015). Los estudios sobre interdisciplina: construcción de un ámbito en el campo de ciencia, tecnología y sociedad. Redes, 21(41), 141-175.

Vienni-Baptista, B., Fletcher, I., Lyall, C. & Pohl, C. (2022). Embracing heterogeneity: Why plural understandings strengthen interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity. Science and Public Policy, scac034. DOI: 10.1093/scipol/scac034.

Wagner, L. (2021). La ciencia posnormal encuentra a la ecología política. Entrevista a Silvio Funtowicz. Ecología Política, 62, 127-131

Zackery, A., Taheri Demneh, M., Karimi, A. & Ebadi Nejad, M. (2022). Insights from a Causal Layered analysis of “Isfahan 2040”: A Participatory Foresight Workshop. Journal of Futures Studies, (26)4, 113-129.

Downloads

Published

2023-07-31

How to Cite

Iribarne, P., Trimble, M., & Lázaro, M. (2023). Causal Layered Analysis (CLA) as a Tool for Inter and Transdisciplinary Work : Contributions and Challenges of its Application in Montevideo, Uruguay. Revista Iberoamericana De Ciencia, Tecnología Y Sociedad - CTS (Ibero-American Science, Technology and Society Journal), 18(53), 87–116. https://doi.org/10.52712/issn.1850-0013-385

Issue

Section

Dossier