Political Epistemology
Science with the People
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52712/issn.1850-0013-454Keywords:
uncertainty, quality, complexity, ambiguity, postnormalAbstract
Postnormal science (PNS) emerged about 40 years ago, contrasting with the scientific activity described by Thomas Kuhn as "normal". PNS proposes the democratic extension of the right to knowledge that enhances the quality of techno-scientific evidence in decision-making processes for political action. PNS, as a science of responsible anticipation, recognizes as equal the knowledge created historically and culturally outside the scientific field. Four characteristics define PNS: the facts are uncertain; there is a plurality of values, usually in conflict; the stakes are potentially very high; and the decisions are urgent. Interest in PNS has intensified in recent years in the face of the issues posed by the challenges of climate change, biodiversity, sustainability, and the COVID-19 pandemic, which illustrate the policy and practical issues of social concern.
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